5.13. Closed Traffic (Closed Pull-up) (Figure 5.3).

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5.13.1. Objective. Maneuver the aircraft to closed downwind to perform multiple practice patterns and landings.

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5.13.2. Description. A climbing turn to closed downwind from initial takeoff, touch-and-go landing, or go-around. Minimum airspeed is 140 KIAS; maximum bank is 90 degrees.

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5.13.2.1. Airspeed - 140 KIAS minimum.

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5.13.2.2. Bank - 90 degrees maximum.

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5.13.2.3. Power - As required (normally MAX initially).

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5.13.3. Procedure.

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5.13.3.1. At 140 KIAS minimum and according to local directives, request clearance for a closed traffic pattern as required.

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5.13.3.2. When approved and at 140 KIAS minimum (T-2), clear and advance the PCL smoothly as required and start a climbing turn to the closed downwind leg, initially using approximately 45-60 degrees of bank to achieve desired lateral displacement. Closed downwind leg displacement should be the same as established with an overhead break.

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5.13.3.3. Approaching pattern altitude, reduce power to level off and lower the nose to a level flight pitch-picture to prevent acceleration.

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5.13.3.4. On closed downwind reduce power to maintain 140-150 KIAS until mid-field or as directed locally. Report the aircraft’s position to the RSU or control tower (i.e., “Speed, Spacing, Speak”).

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5.13.4. Technique.

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5.13.4.1. Begin a climbing turn and pull the nose up until horizon is between the rudder pedals (approximately 10 degrees nose high) or the horizon is between the spinner and the exhaust stack. With no crosswinds, 60 degrees of bank should provide lateral displacement for takeoff flap, landing flap, and low key patterns. 45 degrees of bank should provide lateral displacement for no flap patterns.

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5.13.4.2. Lead the level-off on inside downwind by retarding the PCL to approximately 20 percent torque (light in the gear handle). As a guide, begin power reduction 100 feet below pattern altitude for every 10 KIAS over 140 KIAS. For example, if airspeed is 180 KIAS, start power reduction 400 feet below pattern altitude.

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5.13.4.3. Bank may be increased to 90 degrees to affect level off if vertical speed is excessive. If necessary, a small amount of rudder in the direction of the turn (bottom rudder) can help bring the nose back to the horizon.

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