6.6. Power-on Stalls.

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6.6.1. Objective. Proper recognition of a full aerodynamic stall. Proper recovery with minimum loss of altitude. Recognizing secondary stall if entered and properly recovering.

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6.6.2. Description. Aircraft pitch and bank angle held constant until control effectiveness lost indicated by uncommanded nose drop or unplanned rolling motion. Recover to a wings level, climbing attitude. Note: For energy management purposes, an entry speed of 160 KIAS results in approximately 1,500-2,000 feet altitude gain as an example.

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6.6.2.1. Airspeed - As required to achieve desired pitch, power, and bank.

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6.6.2.2. Power - Entry: 30-60 percent torque. Recovery: MAX.

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6.6.2.3. Pitch - Entry: 15-40 degrees nose high.

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6.6.2.4. Bank - 0 degrees for straight-ahead stall, 20-30 degrees for a turning stall.

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6.6.2.5. FCP visual reference - Entry: crook/corner of the front windscreen on horizon.

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6.6.2.6. FCP visual reference - Recovery: initially glareshield/eyebrow lights on horizon, then as required to MAX perform aircraft.

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6.6.3. Procedure. Clear the area. Pay particular attention to the area above and in front of the aircraft.

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6.6.3.1. Straight-ahead Stall. Raise the nose to a pitch attitude between 15 degrees and 40 degrees. Adjust the PCL to 30-60 percent torque prior to first indication of stall. Maintain attitude using increasing back pressure. Keep the wings level with coordinated rudder and aileron. Initiate recovery when control effectiveness is lost. An uncommanded nose drop, despite increased back pressure, or an uncommanded rolling motion indicates loss of control effectiveness. Do not attempt to maintain pitch attitude or bank angle after control effectiveness is lost. In almost all cases, full aft stick will not occur before recovery is required. While it is possible under certain conditions to maintain a nose high pitch attitude and counteract a rolling motion with aileron inputs, if the stick has reached the aft stop and the aircraft is losing altitude (aft stick stall), the aircraft is fully stalled and a recovery should be initiated.

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6.6.3.1.1. To recover, simultaneously and smoothly relax back stick forces as necessary to break the stall, advance the PCL to MAX, and use coordinated rudder and aileron to level the wings. As AOA decreases and stall is broken, use positive back stick pressure to minimize altitude loss by controlling the nose track towards the horizon. As airspeed increases, control effectiveness will improve. Continually add back stick pressure to maintain recovery AOA of 15.5-18 units (positive vertical nose track) until the glareshield/eyebrow lights are on the horizon to minimize the loss of altitude. Recovery is complete when the aircraft is wings level, safely climbing, and not decelerating. When complete, say “Recovered”.

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6.6.3.1.2. Note: At lower pitch attitudes (between 15 and 30 degrees), the aircraft stalls at a higher airspeed and regains flying airspeed faster. At higher pitch attitudes (between 30 and 40 degrees), the stall speed is slower and a greater pitch reduction is necessary to regain flying airspeed.

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6.6.3.2. Turning Power-on Stall. Setup is the same as the straight-ahead stall, except 20- 30 degrees of bank in either direction is added. Hold the coordinated bank angle with rudder and aileron pressure until control effectiveness is lost. Recovery is the same as for the straight-ahead stall. A precision entry is not as important as proper recognition and recovery from the stall.

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6.6.4. Techniques.

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6.6.4.1. Use “MAX, Relax, Roll”, to guide initial recovery actions.

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6.6.4.2. After actions to break the stall, pull the nose up in the recovery AOA (15.5-18 units) until the eyebrow lights are on the horizon (approximately 10 degrees nose high). If the nose begins to stop tracking before the eyebrow lights reach the horizon, pause or slightly decrease back pressure momentarily to let airspeed increase to avoid a secondary stall. Anticipate engine power effects applying rudder and aileron as necessary to maintain coordinated flight. As power and airspeed increase, increased back pressure is needed to establish a climb. A pitch attitude of 10-15 degrees is usually sufficient to achieve climbing indications on the altimeter and VSI display.

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