1.17. Radio Procedures. The PF is responsible for all radio calls. The PNF may transmit without transfer of aircraft control; however, the PF must be notified (see paragraph 1.15.6.). Exception: instructors may immediately correct improper radio calls without first notifying the student. Radio procedures, definitions, and guidance are contained in the following publications: AETCI 11-204, Runway Supervisory Unit (RSU) Operations; AFMAN 11-202V3; FAA Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM); FLIP, Flight Information Handbook; and individual wing and/or squadron instructions. Although these publications do not cover all situations, pilots should attempt to use standard phraseology as much as practical. Standard terminology minimizes radio congestion and facilitates effective communication.

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1.17.1. Clarity. The single most important factor in pilot-controller communications is comprehension. Voicing what is required correctly through standard phraseology is paramount. Use of nonstandard and improvised phrasing, while common, only contributes to miscommunication and should be minimized. Nonstandard phraseology contributes to misunderstood clearances and aircraft mishaps. When uncertain of the meaning of standard phrases used by controlling agencies, clarify with plain language.

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1.17.2. Brevity. Brevity is second only to clarity. Every second you are talking on the radio is a second that is unavailable to the controllers or other pilots. Provide controllers with the information needed, nothing more, nothing less, in the format expected. Likewise, do not omit needed information that may require the controller to query you for the missing information as this also wastes available broadcast time.

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1.17.2.1. Do not depress the microphone button during other transmissions. Anticipate other party’s replies to ATC and/or pilot transmissions and do not interrupt/“step on”. Try to avoid transmitting when another aircraft is in a critical phase of flight (e.g., in the landing flare).

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1.17.2.2. When possible, format radio calls as follows: agency calling, call sign, location, and request (e.g., “San Antonio Approach, Texan 10, Area 8 low, request AUGER Low ILS with Bravo”).

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1.17.2.3. Adding verbiage that is not required clutters the radio frequency. Avoid meaningless phrases such as “with you”, “checking in”, “with a flash”, “at this time”, “be advised”, on congested frequencies. Provide the controllers with the information needed simply and clearly in the format expected. Nonstandard radio calls take more time to understand.

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1.17.2.4. Include all required information in calls to ATC to prevent the requirement for additional ATC queries. When making a detailed request, however, avoid confusion and frequency congestion by first getting the controller’s attention (e.g., “Del Rio Approach, Texan 85, request”). After the controller acknowledges, state the request.

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